Calculated Mean Content Values

Units Average Min Max Standard Deviation
mg/100 ml 0.23 0.00 0.36 0.08
mol/100 ml 8.17e-07 0.00 1.26e-06 2.96e-07

Values calculated by aggregating data from 48 different samples from 8 unique publications.

Aglycone Mean Content Values

Aglycone Units Average Min Max Standard Deviation
Kaempferol mg/100 ml 0.23 0.00 0.36 0.08
mol/100 ml 8.17e-07 0.00 1.26e-06 2.96e-07

Original Content Values Used to Produce Means

Burns J., Gardner P.T., O'Neil J., Crawford S., Morecroft I., McPhail D.B., Lister C., Matthews D., MacLean M.R., Lean M.E., Duthie G.G., Crozier A. (2000) Relationship among antioxidant activity, vasodilation capacity, and phenolic content of red wines. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 48:220-30 PubMed (10691619)
Original Content Value Original Food Description Commercial Origin # of Samples Analyzed
0.06 mg/100 ml Red wine - "Chilean Cabernet Sauvignon" - LontuĂ©, Chile - Cabernet Sauvignon - 1997 yes 1
0.10 mg/100 ml Red wine - "Californian oak-aged Cabernet Sauvignon" - California - Cabernet Sauvignon - 1995 yes 1
0.04 mg/100 ml Red wine - "Young Vatted Cabernet Sauvignon" - Sliven, Bulgaria - Cabernet Sauvignon - 1996 yes 1
0.00 mg/100 ml Red wine - "Bulgarian maturated Cab. Sauvignon" - Svischtov, Bulgaria - Cabernet Sauvignon - 1992 yes 1
0.07 mg/100 ml Red wine - "Cono Sur Pinot Noir 20 barrels" - Rapel Valley, Chile - Pinot Noir - 1995 yes 1
0.05 mg/100 ml Red wine - "Fetzer Santa Barbara" - California - Pinot Noir - 1994 yes 1
0.06 mg/100 ml Red wine - "Domaine Rossignol Trapet, Gevrey Chambertin" - Burgundy, France - Pinot Noir - 1995 yes 1
0.04 mg/100 ml Red wine - "Villa Montes oak-aged Merlot" - Curico, Chile - Pinot Noir - 1994 yes 1
0.11 mg/100 ml Red wine - "Merlot" - Languedoc, France - Pinot Noir - 1996 yes 1
0.05 mg/100 ml Red wine - "Cosme Palacio y Hermanos Rioja" - Rioja, Spain - Tempranillo - 1995 yes 1
0.02 mg/100 ml Red wine - "Vina Albani Tempranillo" - Valdepenas, Spain - Tempranillo - 1996 yes 1
0.04 mg/100 ml Red wine - "Fetzer Vineyards Zinfandel" - California - Zinfandel - 1995 yes 1
5.72e-03 mg/100 ml Red wine - "Beaujolais" - Beaujolais, France - Gamay - 1996 yes 1
0.12 mg/100 ml Red wine - "Domaine Roche Vue, Minervois" - Aude, France - Carignon - 1995 yes 1
0.03 mg/100 ml Red wine - "Valpolicella" - Veneto, Italy - Corvina, Molinara - 1996 yes 1
0.04 mg/100 ml Red wine - "Chianti Classico" - Tuscany, Italy - Sangiovese, Trebbiano - 1995 yes 1
Revilla E. (1986) Analysis of flavonol aglycones in wine extracts by high performance liquid chromatography. Chromatographia 22:157-159
Original Content Value Original Food Description Commercial Origin # of Samples Analyzed
0.01 mg/100 ml Red wine - Spain - Valdepenas yes 5
0.01 mg/100 ml Red wine - Spain - La Mancha yes 5
5.00e-03 mg/100 ml Red wine - Spain - Rioja yes 5
Rodriguez-Delgado M.A., Gonzalez-Hernandez G., Conde-Gonzalez J.E., Perez-Trujillo J.P. (2002) Principal component analysis of the polyphenol content in young red wines. Food Chemistry 78:523-532
Original Content Value Original Food Description Commercial Origin # of Samples Analyzed
0.03 mg/100 ml Spanish red wine - South Tenerife Island - Abona - Listan Negro 1999 yes 5
0.17 mg/100 ml Spanish red wine - South Tenerife Island - Valle de Guimar - Listan Negro 1999 yes 9
0.09 mg/100 ml Spanish red wine - North Tenerife Island - Valle de la Orotava - Listan Negro 1999 yes 11
0.12 mg/100 ml Spanish red wine - North Tenerife Island - Tacoronte-Acentejo - Listan Negro 1999 yes 13
0.12 mg/100 ml Spanish red wine - North Tenerife Island - Ycoden Daute Isora - Listan Negro 1999 yes 11
0.08 mg/100 ml Spanish red wine - Lanzarote Island - Listan Negro 1999 yes 6
Rodriguez-Delgado M.A., Malovana S., Perez J.P., Borges T., Montelongo F.J.G. (2001) Separation of phenolic compounds by high-performance liquid chromatography with absorbance and fluorimetric detection. Journal of Chromatography A 912:249-257 PubMed (11330794)
Original Content Value Original Food Description Commercial Origin # of Samples Analyzed
0.06 mg/100 ml Spanish red wine 1 - Canary Islands yes 1
0.10 mg/100 ml Spanish red wine 2 - Canary Islands yes 1
0.05 mg/100 ml Spanish red wine 3 - Canary Islands yes 1
0.14 mg/100 ml Spanish red wine 4 - Canary Islands yes 1
0.23 mg/100 ml Spanish red wine 5 - Canary Islands yes 1
Tsanova-Savova S., Ribarova F. (2002) Free and conjugated myricetin, quercetin, and kaempferol in Bulgarian red wines. Journal of Food Composition and Analysis 15:639-645
Original Content Value Original Food Description Commercial Origin # of Samples Analyzed
0.00 mg/100 ml Bulgarian red wine - Gamza 1995 - Region "Novo Selo" yes 1
0.00 mg/100 ml Bulgarian red wine - Gamza 1994 - Region "Lyaskovetz" yes 1
0.00 mg/100 ml Bulgarian red wine - Mavrud 1996 - Region "Asenovgrad" yes 1
0.00 mg/100 ml Bulgarian red wine - Merlot 1994 - Region "Stambolovo" yes 1
0.00 mg/100 ml Bulgarian red wine - Merlot 1998 - Region "Targoviste" yes 1
0.00 mg/100 ml Bulgarian red wine - Merlot 1995 - Region "Suhindol" yes 1
0.00 mg/100 ml Bulgarian red wine - Melnik 1996 - Region "Damianitza" yes 1
0.00 mg/100 ml Bulgarian red wine - Melnik 1995 - Region "Harsovo" yes 1
0.00 mg/100 ml Bulgarian red wine - Cabernet Sauvignon 1996 - Region "Suhindol" yes 1
0.00 mg/100 ml Bulgarian red wine - Cabernet Sauvignon 1998 - Region "Targoviste" yes 1
0.00 mg/100 ml Bulgarian red wine - Cabernet Sauvignon 1996 - Region "Svistov" yes 1
Rossouw M., Marais J. (2004) The phenolic composition of South African Pinotage, Shiraz and Cabernet Sauvignon wines. South African Journal of Enology and Viticulture 25:94-104
Original Content Value Original Food Description Commercial Origin # of Samples Analyzed
0.36 mg/100 ml Red wine - South African - Shiraz yes 76
0.25 mg/100 ml Red wine - South African - Pinotage yes 100
0.35 mg/100 ml Red wine - South African - Cabernet Sauvignon yes 84
Stecher G., Huck C.W., Popp M., Bonn G.K. (2001) Determination of flavonoids and stilbenes in red wine and related biological products by HPLC and HPLC-ESI-MS-MS. Fresenius Journal of Analytical Chemistry 371:73-80 PubMed (11605763)
Original Content Value Original Food Description Commercial Origin # of Samples Analyzed
0.02 mg/100 ml Red wine - Chianti - Buracchi, Chianti Colli Senesi - 1998 - Montepulciano, Italy yes 1
La Torre G.L., Saitta M., Vilasi F., Pellicano T., Dugo G. (2006) Direct determination of phenolic compounds in Sicilian wines by liquid chromatography with PDA and MS detection. Food Chemistry 94:640-650
Original Content Value Original Food Description Commercial Origin # of Samples Analyzed
0.03 mg/100 ml Red wine - Nero d'Avola - Sicile - 2002 yes 11
0.04 mg/100 ml Red wine - Merlot - Sicile - 2002 yes 5
0.03 mg/100 ml Red wine - Cabernet, Syrah, Petit-Verdot - Sicile - 2002 yes 6