Showing pharmacokinetics for metabolites after consumption of Chocolate, dark in humans Metabolism

Rios L.Y., Gonthier M.P., Remesy C., Mila I., Lapierre C., Lazarus S.A., Williamson G., Scalbert A. (2003) Chocolate intake increases urinary excretion of polyphenol-derived phenolic acids in healthy human subjects. Am J Clin Nutr 77:912-8 PubMed (12663291)

Urine analysed after enzymatic deconjugation

Excretion in Urine (nmol/g creatinine)
Number Dose Multiple Dose Duration Time (hours) Metabolite
0 3 6 9 24 48
1 80 g Single Dose 90 890 300 95 100 100
Vanillic acid
2 80 g Single Dose 18 17 19 31 60 40
3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetic acid
3 80 g Single Dose 0 1 1 1 5 3
3-Hydroxybenzoic acid
4 80 g Single Dose 140 18 18 15 160 310
Ferulic acid
5 80 g Single Dose 25 15 15 20 50 160
3-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid
6 80 g Single Dose 5.5 2.5 2.75 3 10 13
3-Hydroxyphenylpropionic acid
G+creatinine)&chxp=1,50|3,50&chd=t:0.0,3.0,6.0,9.0,24.0,48.0|90.0,890.0,300.0,95.0,100.0,100.0|0.0,3.0,6.0,9.0,24.0,48.0|18.0,17.0,19.0,31.0,60.0,40.0|0.0,3.0,6.0,9.0,24.0,48.0|0.0,1.0,1.0,1.0,5.0,3.0|0.0,3.0,6.0,9.0,24.0,48.0|140.0,18.0,18.0,15.0,160.0,310.0|0.0,3.0,6.0,9.0,24.0,48.0|25.0,15.0,15.0,20.0,50.0,160.0|0.0,3.0,6.0,9.0,24.0,48.0|5.5,2.5,2.75,3.0,10.0,13