Showing pharmacokinetics for Homovanillic acid metabolite after consumption of various sources Metabolism

Roowi S., Mullen W., Edwards C.A., Crozier A. (2009) Yoghurt impacts on the excretion of phenolic acids derived from colonic breakdown of orange juice flavanones in humans. Mol Nutr Food Res 53 Suppl 1:S68-75 PubMed (19415668)

Urine analysed without enzymatic deconjugation

Cumulative Excretion in Urine (µmol)
Number Dose Multiple Dose Duration Time (hours) Polyphenol Source
Name as described in publication
0 2 5 10 24
1 250 mL Single Dose 0 0.4 0.9 4.5 11.7
orange juice fortified with hesperidin
2 Unknown Single Dose 0 4.3 8.9 12.5 18
water
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