Jaganath I.B., Mullen W., Edwards C.A., Crozier A. (2006) The relative contribution of the small and large intestine to the absorption and metabolism of rutin in man. Free Radic Res 40:1035-46 PubMed (17015248)

Urine analysed without enzymatic deconjugation

Cumulative Excretion in Urine (nmol)
Number Dose Multiple Dose Duration Time (hours) Metabolite
0 2 5 8 24
1 300 mL Single Dose 0 1.2 6.5 9 18
2-Hydroxyhippuric acid
2 300 mL Single Dose 0 0.3 1.1 3.1 5.8
3-Hydroxyhippuric acid
3 300 mL Single Dose 0 2.8 8.6 26.6 62
4-Hydroxyhippuric acid
4 300 mL Single Dose 0 0.2 0.6 1.7 4.4
3-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid
5 300 mL Single Dose 0 0 0.9 4 16
3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetic acid
6 300 mL Single Dose 0 0.9 3.3 9.4 19
Homovanillic acid
Chart?cht=lxy&chs=600x300&chf=bg,s,fafafa&chxt=x,x,y&chxr=0,0.0,24.240000000000002,2|2,0.0,62.62,5&chds=0.0,24.240000000000002,0.0,62.62,0.0,24.240000000000002,0.0,62.62,0.0,24.240000000000002,0.0,62.62,0.0,24.240000000000002,0.0,62.62,0.0,24.240000000000002,0.0,62.62,0.0,24.240000000000002,0.0,62.62&chxl=1:|time+after+ingestion+(hours)&chtt=cumulative+excretion+in+urine+(nmol)&chxp=1,50|3,50&chd=t:0.0,2.0,5.0,8.0,24.0|0.0,1.2,6.5,9.0,18.0|0.0,2.0,5.0,8.0,24.0|0.0,0.3,1.1,3.1,5.8|0.0,2.0,5.0,8.0,24.0|0.0,2.8,8.6,26.6,62.0|0.0,2.0,5.0,8.0,24.0|0.0,0.2,0.6,1.7,4.4|0.0,2.0,5.0,8.0,24.0|0.0,0.0,0.9,4.0,16.0|0.0,2.0,5.0,8.0,24.0|0.0,0.9,3.3,9.4,19