Del Bo C., Ciappellano S., Klimis-Zacas D., Martini D., Gardana C., Riso P., Porrini M. (2010) Anthocyanin absorption, metabolism, and distribution from a wild blueberry-enriched diet (Vaccinium angustifolium) is affected by diet duration in the Sprague-Dawley rat. J Agric Food Chem 58:2491-7 PubMed (20030330)

Urine analysed without enzymatic deconjugation

Cumulative Excretion in Urine (µg/24h)
Number Dose Multiple Dose Duration Time (weeks) Metabolite
0 4 8
1 8 % of diet 8 weeks 0 42.7 84.5
Delphinidin 3-O-galactoside
2 8 % of diet 8 weeks 0 45.4 81.4
Delphinidin 3-O-glucoside
3 8 % of diet 8 weeks 0 60.9 123.9
Delphinidin 3-O-arabinoside
4 8 % of diet 8 weeks 0 45.5 108.5
Cyanidin 3-O-glucoside
5 8 % of diet 8 weeks 0 74.3 219.2
Cyanidin 3-O-galactoside
6 8 % of diet 8 weeks 0 29.2 46.9
Cyanidin 3-O-arabinoside
7 8 % of diet 8 weeks 0 61.3 153.5
Petunidin 3-O-galactoside
8 8 % of diet 8 weeks 0 38.4 60.1
Petunidin 3-O-glucoside
9 8 % of diet 8 weeks 0 157.6 323.9
Petunidin 3-O-arabinoside
10 8 % of diet 8 weeks 0 50.1 72.3
Petunidin 3-O-(6''-acetyl-glucoside)
11 8 % of diet 8 weeks 0 192.1 553.7
Peonidin 3-O-galactoside
12 8 % of diet 8 weeks 0 16.4 25.3
Peonidin 3-O-glucoside
13 8 % of diet 8 weeks 0 7.7 15.5
Peonidin 3-O-arabinoside
14 8 % of diet 8 weeks 0 55.4 98
Malvidin 3-O-galactoside
15 8 % of diet 8 weeks 0 4.3 13.3
Malvidin 3-O-glucoside
16 8 % of diet 8 weeks 0 5.6 9.8
Malvidin 3-O-arabinoside
24h)&chxp=1,50|3,50&chd=t:0.0,4.0,8.0|0.0,42.7,84.5|0.0,4.0,8.0|0.0,45.4,81.4|0.0,4.0,8.0|0.0,60.9,123.9|0.0,4.0,8.0|0.0,45.5,108.5|0.0,4.0,8.0|0.0,74.3,219.2|0.0,4.0,8.0|0.0,29.2,46.9|0.0,4.0,8.0|0.0,61.3,153.5|0.0,4.0,8.0|0.0,38.4,60.1|0.0,4.0,8.0|0.0,157.6,323.9|0.0,4.0,8.0|0.0,50.1,72.3|0.0,4.0,8.0|0.0,192.1,553.7|0.0,4.0,8.0|0.0,16.4,25.3|0.0,4.0,8.0|0.0,7.7,15.5|0.0,4.0,8.0|0.0,55.4,98.0|0.0,4.0,8.0|0.0,4.3,13.3|0.0,4.0,8.0|0.0,5.6,9