Urine Plasma  
[polyphenol] source used in experiment Source composition Doses administered Dose duration Total no. subjects Mean urinary excretion (%) Kinetic data Tmax (hours) Mean Cmax (µmol/L) Half life (hours) AUC (µmol/L·h) Kinetic data Reference
human studies
elderberry extract Not applicable 12 g Single dose 4 7.38 µg after 4 hours WU 2002
pig studies
freeze-dried elderberry powder Generic food 0 Single dose 9 0.02 WU 2005