Urine Plasma  
[polyphenol] source used in experiment Source composition Doses administered Dose duration Total no. subjects Mean urinary excretion (%) Kinetic data Tmax (hours) Mean Cmax (µmol/L) Half life (hours) AUC (µmol/L·h) Kinetic data Reference
human studies
fried red onions Food administered
270 g Single dose 6 Trace amount MULLEN 2006
fried red onions Food administered
270 g Single dose 6 Detected (unquantified) MULLEN 2004
onion paste Food administered
350 g Single dose 4 264 nmol/L after 1.5 hours KAWAI 2009
tomato juice enriched with rutin Food administered
300 mL Single dose 6 Graph JAGANATH 2006