Bunea A., Andjelkovic M., Socaciu C., Bobis O., Neacsu M., Verhe R., Van Camp J. (2008) Total and individual carotenoids and phenolic acids content in fresh, refrigerated and processed spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.). Food Chemistry 108:649-656

Abbreviation: BUNEA 2008

Food Processing

This publication was used to obtain 12 retention factor values.

Retention Factor Food Before Processing Food After Processing Content Before Processing Content After Processing Units
1.26 Spinach Spinach stored at 4°C for 24 h 2.78 3.53 mg/100 g fresh weight
2.00 Spinach Spinach stored at 4°C for 72 h 2.78 5.58 mg/100 g fresh weight
0.63 Spinach stored at 4°C for 24 h Spinach boiled for 10 min after the stored at 4°C for 24 h 3.53 2.37 mg/100 g fresh weight
1.34 Spinach Spinach blanched for 2 min in boiling water at 100°C, then frozen and stored at -18°C for 1 mo 2.78 3.75 mg/100 g fresh weight
1.34 Spinach Spinach stored at 4°C for 24 h 0.99 1.33 mg/100 g fresh weight
1.53 Spinach Spinach stored at 4°C for 72 h 0.99 1.52 mg/100 g fresh weight
0.70 Spinach stored at 4°C for 24 h Spinach boiled for 10 min after stored at 4°C for 24 h 1.33 0.99 mg/100 g fresh weight
2.02 Spinach Spinach blanched for 2 min in boiling water at 100°C, then frozen and stored at -18°C for 1 mo 0.99 2.0 mg/100 g fresh weight
5.46 Spinach Spinach stored at 4°C for 24 h 0.13 0.71 mg/100 g fresh weight
8.15 Spinach Spinach stored at 4°C for 72 h 0.13 1.06 mg/100 g fresh weight
1.29 Spinach stored at 4°C for 24 h Spinach boiled for 10 min after stored at 4°C for 24 h 0.71 0.97 mg/100 g fresh weight
5.46 Spinach Spinach blanched for 2 min in boiling water at 100°C, then frozen and stored at -18°C for 1 mo 0.13 0.71 mg/100 g fresh weight