Mazzeo T., N'Dri D., Chiavaro E., Visconti A., Fogliano V., Pellegrini N. (2011) Effect of two cooking procedures on phytochemical compounds, total antioxidant capacity and colour of selected frozen vegetables. Food Chemistry 128:627-633

Abbreviation: MAZZEO 2011

Food Processing

This publication was used to obtain 52 retention factor values.

Retention Factor Food Before Processing Food After Processing Content Before Processing Content After Processing Units
0.14 Carrot - Raw Carrot - Boiled, (1:5, food/water), 12 min 2.86 0.43 mg/100 g fresh weight
1.43 Carrot - Raw Carrot - Boiled, (1:5, food/water), 12 min 0.85 1.3 mg/100 g fresh weight
0.88 Carrot - Raw Carrot - Boiled, (1:5, food/water), 12 min 0.96 0.9 mg/100 g fresh weight
0.35 Carrot - Raw Carrot - Boiled, (1:5, food/water), 12 min 6.47 2.47 mg/100 g fresh weight
0.34 Carrot - Raw Carrot - Boiled, (1:5, food/water), 12 min 3.24 1.17 mg/100 g fresh weight
0.37 Carrot - Raw Carrot - Boiled, (1:5, food/water), 12 min 7.51 2.99 mg/100 g fresh weight
1.03 Carrot - Raw Carrot - Boiled, (1:5, food/water), 12 min 4.03 4.46 mg/100 g fresh weight
0.27 Carrot - Raw Carrot - Boiled, (1:5, food/water), 12 min 7.88 2.31 mg/100 g fresh weight
0.14 Carrot - Raw Carrot - Boiled, (1:5, food/water), 12 min 2.43 0.37 mg/100 g fresh weight
0.32 Carrot - Raw Carrot - Boiled, (1:5, food/water), 12 min 0.67 0.23 mg/100 g fresh weight
0.23 Carrot - Raw Carrot - Steamed 2.86 0.71 mg/100 g fresh weight
4.49 Carrot - Raw Carrot - Steamed 0.85 4.08 mg/100 g fresh weight
2.48 Carrot - Raw Carrot - Steamed 0.96 2.53 mg/100 g fresh weight
0.81 Carrot - Raw Carrot - Steamed 6.47 5.58 mg/100 g fresh weight
0.83 Carrot - Raw Carrot - Steamed 3.24 2.87 mg/100 g fresh weight
0.88 Carrot - Raw Carrot - Steamed 7.51 7.08 mg/100 g fresh weight
0.75 Carrot - Raw Carrot - Steamed 4.03 3.24 mg/100 g fresh weight
0.71 Carrot - Raw Carrot - Steamed 7.88 5.96 mg/100 g fresh weight
0.53 Carrot - Raw Carrot - Steamed 2.43 1.38 mg/100 g fresh weight
0.32 Carrot - Raw Carrot - Steamed 0.67 0.23 mg/100 g fresh weight
0.60 Cauliflower - Raw Cauliflower - Boiled, (1:5, food/water), 9 min 1.63 0.99 mg/100 g fresh weight
0.77 Cauliflower - Raw Cauliflower - Boiled, (1:5, food/water), 9 min 0.69 0.53 mg/100 g fresh weight
0.39 Cauliflower - Raw Cauliflower - Boiled, (1:5, food/water), 9 min 0.68 0.27 mg/100 g fresh weight
1.01 Cauliflower - Raw Cauliflower - Boiled, (1:5, food/water), 9 min 0.15 0.16 mg/100 g fresh weight
0.57 Cauliflower - Raw Cauliflower - Boiled, (1:5, food/water), 9 min 0.13 0.07 mg/100 g fresh weight
0.70 Cauliflower - Raw Cauliflower - Boiled, (1:5, food/water), 9 min 0.19 0.14 mg/100 g fresh weight
0.91 Cauliflower - Raw Cauliflower - Boiled, (1:5, food/water), 9 min 0.42 0.39 mg/100 g fresh weight
0.74 Cauliflower - Raw Cauliflower - Boiled, (1:5, food/water), 9 min 0.15 0.11 mg/100 g fresh weight
0.00 Cauliflower - Raw Cauliflower - Boiled, (1:5, food/water), 9 min 0.07 0.0 mg/100 g fresh weight
0.08 Cauliflower - Raw Cauliflower - Boiled, (1:5, food/water), 9 min 0.26 0.02 mg/100 g fresh weight
1.04 Cauliflower - Raw Cauliflower - Steamed 1.63 1.79 mg/100 g fresh weight
1.02 Cauliflower - Raw Cauliflower - Steamed 0.69 0.75 mg/100 g fresh weight
0.62 Cauliflower - Raw Cauliflower - Steamed 0.68 0.45 mg/100 g fresh weight
1.84 Cauliflower - Raw Cauliflower - Steamed 0.15 0.3 mg/100 g fresh weight
0.93 Cauliflower - Raw Cauliflower - Steamed 0.13 0.13 mg/100 g fresh weight
1.50 Cauliflower - Raw Cauliflower - Steamed 0.19 0.31 mg/100 g fresh weight
0.66 Cauliflower - Raw Cauliflower - Steamed 0.42 0.3 mg/100 g fresh weight
1.32 Cauliflower - Raw Cauliflower - Steamed 0.15 0.21 mg/100 g fresh weight
1.17 Cauliflower - Raw Cauliflower - Steamed 0.07 0.09 mg/100 g fresh weight
0.76 Cauliflower - Raw Cauliflower - Steamed 0.26 0.21 mg/100 g fresh weight
1.04 Spinach - Raw Spinach - Boiled, (1:5, food/water), 10 min 0.46 0.5 mg/100 g fresh weight
1.16 Spinach - Raw Spinach - Boiled, (1:5, food/water), 10 min 0.5 0.62 mg/100 g fresh weight
0.92 Spinach - Raw Spinach - Boiled, (1:5, food/water), 10 min 0.54 0.52 mg/100 g fresh weight
0.88 Spinach - Raw Spinach - Boiled, (1:5, food/water), 10 min 0.49 0.45 mg/100 g fresh weight
0.78 Spinach - Raw Spinach - Boiled, (1:5, food/water), 10 min 1.8 1.49 mg/100 g fresh weight
0.60 Spinach - Raw Spinach - Boiled, (1:5, food/water), 10 min 1.25 0.79 mg/100 g fresh weight
0.18 Spinach - Raw Spinach - Steamed 0.46 0.11 mg/100 g fresh weight
2.30 Spinach - Raw Spinach - Steamed 0.5 1.53 mg/100 g fresh weight
1.83 Spinach - Raw Spinach - Steamed 0.54 1.3 mg/100 g fresh weight
1.96 Spinach - Raw Spinach - Steamed 0.49 1.26 mg/100 g fresh weight
0.61 Spinach - Raw Spinach - Steamed 1.8 1.45 mg/100 g fresh weight
0.45 Spinach - Raw Spinach - Steamed 1.25 0.75 mg/100 g fresh weight