Urine Plasma  
[polyphenol] source used in experiment Source composition Doses administered Dose duration Total no. subjects Mean urinary excretion (%) Kinetic data Tmax (hours) Mean Cmax (µmol/L) Half life (hours) AUC (µmol/L·h) Kinetic data Reference
human studies
instant coffee in hot water Food administered
4 g Single dose 1 8 1.21 Graph GUY 2009
rat studies
instant coffee powder in water Food administered
4 g Single dose 5 15.05 mg after 1440 minutes RECHNER 2001
  Urine Plasma  
[polyphenol] source used in experiment Source composition Doses administered Dose duration Total no. subjects Mean urinary excretion (%) Kinetic data Tmax (hours) Mean Cmax (µmol/L) Half life (hours) AUC (µmol/L·h) Kinetic data Reference
human studies
instant coffee Food administered
200 mL Single dose 11 Graph 4.7 0.38 1.4 2333 Graph STALMACH 2009_02
orange juice fortified with hesperidin Food administered
250 mL Single dose 5 Graph ROOWI 2009
orange juice fortified with hesperidin with 150 mL natural yoghurt Food administered
250 mL Single dose 5 Graph ROOWI 2009
polyphenol-rich beverage Food administered
350 mL Single dose 10 Graph BORGES 2010
polyphenol-rich juice drink Food administered
350 mL Single dose 10 Detected (unquantified) MULLEN 2010
rat studies
dihydrocaffeic acid Not applicable 100 µmol/kg bw Single dose 0 Detected (unquantified) Detected (unquantified) POQUET 2008