Urine Plasma  
[polyphenol] source used in experiment Source composition Doses administered Dose duration Total no. subjects Mean urinary excretion (%) Kinetic data Tmax (hours) Mean Cmax (µmol/L) Half life (hours) AUC (µmol/L·h) Kinetic data Reference
rat studies
(-)-epicatechin Not applicable 10 mg/kg bw Single dose 5 Graph BABA 2001_01
cocoa powder Food administered
Generic food
1500 mg/kg bw Single dose 5 Graph BABA 2001_01
epicatechin Not applicable 100 mg/kg bw Single dose 9 16 µmol/L after 1 days ABD EL MOHSEN 2002
epicatechin Not applicable 100 mg/kg bw Single dose 9 20 µmol/L after 10 days ABD EL MOHSEN 2002
epicatechin Not applicable 100 mg/kg bw Single dose 9 22 µmol/L after 5 days ABD EL MOHSEN 2002
epicatechin Not applicable 172 µmol/kg bw Single dose 5 9.45 µmol after 24 hours 78.3 Graph BABA 2001_02
grape seed polyphenolic extract Food administered
100 mg/kg bw Single dose 8 1.5 0.34 266.6 Graph FERRUZZI 2009
mixture of catechin and epicatechin Not applicable 172 µmol/kg bw Single dose 5 4.51 µmol after 24 hours 76.5 Graph BABA 2001_02
procyanidin B2 Not applicable 50 mg/kg bw Single dose 5 0.5 0.15 Graph BABA 2002
  Urine Plasma  
[polyphenol] source used in experiment Source composition Doses administered Dose duration Total no. subjects Mean urinary excretion (%) Kinetic data Tmax (hours) Mean Cmax (µmol/L) Half life (hours) AUC (µmol/L·h) Kinetic data Reference
human studies
(-)-epicatechin Not applicable 1 g Single dose 4 161.2 ng/mL after 1 hours NATSUME 2003
rat studies
(-)-epicatechin Not applicable 20 mg/kg bw Single dose 13 Detected (unquantified) Detected (unquantified) NATSUME 2003
(-)-epicatechin Not applicable 10 mg/kg bw Single dose 5 743 nmol after 18 hours Graph BABA 2001_01
cocoa powder Food administered
Generic food
1500 mg/kg bw Single dose 5 687 nmol after 18 hours Graph BABA 2001_01
epicatechin Not applicable 100 mg/kg bw Single dose 9 1.2 µmol/L after 1 days ABD EL MOHSEN 2002
epicatechin Not applicable 100 mg/kg bw Single dose 9 1 µmol/L after 10 days ABD EL MOHSEN 2002
epicatechin Not applicable 100 mg/kg bw Single dose 9 1.5 µmol/L after 5 days ABD EL MOHSEN 2002
epicatechin Not applicable 172 µmol/kg bw Single dose 5 2.46 µmol after 24 hours 0.87 Graph BABA 2001_02
mixture of catechin and epicatechin Not applicable 172 µmol/kg bw Single dose 5 2.65 µmol after 24 hours 0.82 Graph BABA 2001_02
procyanidin B2 Not applicable 50 mg/kg bw Single dose 5 0.02 12.8 nmol after 18 hours BABA 2002